porceo

Latin

Etymology

From po- +‎ arceō.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpoːr.ke.oː/, [ˈpoːrkeoː] or IPA^(key): /ˈpor.ke.oː/, [ˈpɔrkeoː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpor.t͡ʃe.o/, [ˈpɔrt͡ʃeo]
Note: there are no other examples of ŏ-ă hiatus from which to generalize the length of the resulting vowel; however, by the general rule a short vowel is simply deleted.

Verb

pō̆rceō (present infinitive pō̆rcēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stems

(archaic) to keep or ward off or back, hinder, restrain
- c. 2nd century, Sextus Pompeius Festus, De verborum significatione 218. (This folk-etymology might yield evidence for short pǒrcēre):
  porcae appellantur rārī sulcī, quī dūcuntur aquae dērīvandae grātiā, dictī quod pō̆rcent, id est prohibent aquam frūmentīs nocēre.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- c. 165 BCE – 103 BCE, Gaius Lucilius, Saturae apud Nonium Marcellum 160.9:
  nōn tē porrō prōcēdere pō̆rcent.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 239 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius, Telamo apud Nonium Marcellum 160.6:
  deum mē sentit facere pietās, cīvium pō̆rcet pudor.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Menippeae apud Nonium Marcellum 160.8:
  hunc Cerēs, cibī ministra, frūgibus suīs pō̆rcet.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2nd century BCE, Marcus Pacuvius, Atalanta apud Nonium Marcellum 160.2:
  mī gnāte, ut verear ēloquī, pō̆rcet pudor.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 170 BCE – c. 86 BCE, Accius, Epigoni apud Nonium Marcellum 160.5:
  quibus oculīs quisquam nostrum poterit illōrum optuī
  vultūs, quōs jam ab armīs annī pō̆rcent?
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Usage notes

The perfect stem porxī appears only once in a gloss by the grammarian Charisius.

Conjugation

Conjugation of pō̆rceō (second conjugation, no perfect or supine stems)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	pō̆rceō	pō̆rcēs		pō̆rcet	pō̆rcēmus	pō̆rcētis		pō̆rcent
	imperfect	pō̆rcēbam	pō̆rcēbās		pō̆rcēbat	pō̆rcēbāmus	pō̆rcēbātis		pō̆rcēbant
	future	pō̆rcēbō	pō̆rcēbis		pō̆rcēbit	pō̆rcēbimus	pō̆rcēbitis		pō̆rcēbunt
passive	present	pō̆rceor	pō̆rcēris, pō̆rcēre		pō̆rcētur	pō̆rcēmur	pō̆rcēminī		pō̆rcentur
	imperfect	pō̆rcēbar	pō̆rcēbāris, pō̆rcēbāre		pō̆rcēbātur	pō̆rcēbāmur	pō̆rcēbāminī		pō̆rcēbantur
	future	pō̆rcēbor	pō̆rcēberis, pō̆rcēbere		pō̆rcēbitur	pō̆rcēbimur	pō̆rcēbiminī		pō̆rcēbuntur
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	pō̆rceam	pō̆rceās		pō̆rceat	pō̆rceāmus	pō̆rceātis		pō̆rceant
active	imperfect	pō̆rcērem	pō̆rcērēs		pō̆rcēret	pō̆rcērēmus	pō̆rcērētis		pō̆rcērent
passive	present	pō̆rcear	pō̆rceāris, pō̆rceāre		pō̆rceātur	pō̆rceāmur	pō̆rceāminī		pō̆rceantur
passive	imperfect	pō̆rcērer	pō̆rcērēris, pō̆rcērēre		pō̆rcērētur	pō̆rcērēmur	pō̆rcērēminī		pō̆rcērentur
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	pō̆rcē		—	—	pō̆rcēte		—
active	future	—	pō̆rcētō		pō̆rcētō	—	pō̆rcētōte		pō̆rcentō
passive	present	—	pō̆rcēre		—	—	pō̆rcēminī		—
passive	future	—	pō̆rcētor		pō̆rcētor	—	—		pō̆rcentor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		pō̆rcēre		pō̆rcērī		pō̆rcēns		—
future		—		—		—		pō̆rcendus
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		pō̆rcendī	pō̆rcendō		pō̆rcendum	pō̆rcendō	—		—

Related terms

References

“porceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
porceo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
porceo in Georges, Karl Ernst, Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 2, Hahnsche Buchhandlung
“porceo” in volume 10/1, column 2741, line 54 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “arceō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 51