Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьgo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From earlier *jiga, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *jū́ˀga, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm. Cognate with Latin iugum, Proto-Germanic *juką, and Sanskrit युग (yuga).

Snoj attributes secondary s-stem declension^[1] as reanalyzed under the influence of semantically related s-stem Proto-Slavic *oje (“shaft, thill”).

Noun

*jь̏go n^[2]^[1]

yoke
Synonym: *arьmo

Declension

Declension of *jь̏go (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*jь̏go	*jь̏dzě	*jьgà
genitive	*jь̏ga	*jьgù	*jь̀gъ
dative	*jь̏gu	*jьgomà	*jьgòmъ
accusative	*jь̏go	*jь̏dzě	*jьgà
instrumental	jь̏gъmь, jь̏gomь^*	*jьgomà	*jьgý
locative	*jь̏dzě	*jьgù	*jьdzě̃xъ
vocative	*jь̏go	*jь̏dzě	*jьgà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Secondary:

Declension of *jь̏go (s-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*jь̏go	*jьžesi	*jьžesa
genitive	*jьžese	*jьžesu	*jьžesъ
dative	*jьžesi	*jьžesьma	*jьžesьmъ
accusative	*jь̏go	*jьžesi	*jьžesa
instrumental	*jьžesьmь	*jьžesьma	*jьžesy
locative	*jьžese	*jьžesu	*jьžesьxъ
vocative	*jь̏go	*jьžesi	*jьžesa

Derived terms

*jьžica (diminutive)
*jьgъla (“yoke-pin, needle”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: иго (igo)
  - Belarusian: і́га (íha)
  - Russian: и́го (ígo)
  - Ukrainian: і́го (ího)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: иго (igo)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰹⰳⱁ (igo)
- Bulgarian: и́го (ígo), dial. юго (jugo), иг m (ig)
  - ⇒ Bulgarian: и́жица (ížica, “wedge”)
  - ⇒ Bulgarian: юга́вица (jugávica, “water springtail”) (possibly)
- Macedonian: иго (igo)
- Serbo-Croatian: (archaic)
  Cyrillic script: и́го
  
  Latin script: ígo
- Slovene: igọ̑ (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: jho
  - Czech: jho, juhana (possibly)
- Kashubian: jigò, jugò, jigoe, jigø
- Polabian: jaiďü
- Polish: igo, Igołomia
- Old Slovak: jho
  - Slovak: jho
- Slovincian: vjigô

Non-Slavic:
- → Proto-Finnic: *iges
  - Estonian: ike
  - Finnish: ies

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “igo”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *jь̏go”
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*jь̑go”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 209

[Snoj-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “igo”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *jь̏go”

[2] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*jь̑go”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 209

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