China

China

sovereign state, socialist state, secular state, constitutional republic, people's republic, dictatorship of the proletariat, state with limited recognition, communist state, country

Part of	China, East Asia, Asia
Year dem found am	1 October 1949
Name	ꠌꠣꠄꠘꠣ
Official name	中华人民共和国
Native label	中华人民共和国
Short name	中国
IPA transcription	ˈfɔɽkərɛpʉblɪkən ˈçiːnɑ
Participant insyd	BASIC countries, Group of Five, China-CELAC Forum
Dey archive for	Hong Kong Baptist University Library Special Collections & Archives
Dem name after	Qin dynasty, center
Found by	Chinese Communist Party
General secretary	Xi Jinping
Official language	Standard Chinese, Chinese, languages of China
Anthem	March of the Volunteers
Culture	Chinese culture
Continent	Asia
Country	China
Capital	Beijing
Located in time zone	China Standard Time, UTC+08:00, Asia/Shanghai, Asia/Urumqi
Located in/on physical feature	China
Territory claimed by	Taiwan
Coordinate location	35°50′41″N 103°27′7″E
Coordinates of easternmost point	47°44′7″N 134°46′7″E
Coordinates of northernmost point	53°33′30″N 123°16′0″E
Coordinates of southernmost point	18°9′35″N 109°34′30″E
Coordinates of westernmost point	39°22′48″N 73°29′59″E
Highest point	Mount Everest
Lowest point	Ayding Lake
Office held by head of state	President of the People's Republic of China
State ein head	Xi Jinping
Office head of government hold	Premier of the People's Republic of China
Government ein head	Li Qiang
Executive body	State Council of the People's Republic of China
Legislative body	National People's Congress
Highest judicial authority	Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China, Supreme People's Procuratorate of the People's Republic of China
Central bank	People's Bank of China
Currency	renminbi
Location of formation	Tiananmen
Driving side	right
Electrical plug type	NEMA 1-15, Europlug, AS/NZS 3112
Dey follow	Republic of China
Dey replace	Republic of China, Inner Mongolian People's Republic, Q15904324, Kingdom Shunzheng, Q15909533
Dema official website	https://english.www.gov.cn/, https://www.gov.cn/
Hashtag	China
Top-level Internet domain	.cn, .中国, .中國, .公司
Main regulatory text	Constitution of the People's Republic of China
Flag	flag of China
Coat of arms	Emblem of China
Geography of topic	geography of China
Get characteristic	not-free country
History of topic	history of the People's Republic of China, history of China
Railway traffic side	left
Economy of topic	economy of China
Demographics of topic	demographics of China
Mobile country code	460
Country calling code	+86
Trunk prefix	0
Emergency phone number	119, 110, 120
GS1 country code	690-699
Licence plate code	RC
Maritime identification digits	412, 413, 414
Stack Exchange tag	https://travel.stackexchange.com/tags/china
Unicode character	🇨🇳
Category for maps or plans	Category:Maps of China

China, wey dem officially dey call de People's Republic of China (PRC), be country wey dey East Asia. E get over 1.4 billion people inside, wey make am de second-most populous country after India, plus e represent 17.4% of de world ein population. China stretch across five time zones den e share land border with 14 countries, wey ein land size be almost 9.6 million square kilometers (3,700,000 sq mi), making am de third-largest country by land area. De country get 33 province-level divisions: 22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities, den 2 semi-autonomous special administrative regions. De capital be Beijing, while de most populous city plus biggest financial center be Shanghai.

China be one of de cradles of civilization, as de first human settlers reach de area during de Paleolithic era. By de late 2nd millennium BCE, early dynasties start to emerge for de Yellow River basin inside. Between de 8th den 3rd centuries BCE, de Zhou dynasty ein control start to break down, but during dis period, administrative systems, military strategies, literature, philosophy, den history take shape. For 221 BCE, China unify under de first emperor, wey begin over two millennia of imperial dynasties like Qin, Han, Tang, Yuan, Ming, den Qing. China invent things like gunpowder den paper, build de Great Wall, den develop de Silk Road, wey help spread Chinese culture far den near. But for de late 19th century, China start to lose territories to European powers through unequal treaties.

After plenty struggles, de 1911 Revolution overthrow de Qing dynasty, wey make de Republic of China (ROC) form for 1912. But de new government no fit bring stability, wey lead to de Warlord Era. De Kuomintang (KMT) later reunify de country through de Northern Expedition, but by 1927, civil war start between de KMT den de Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Japan invade China for 1937, so de two sides (KMT den CCP) join forces for de Second Sino-Japanese War. After Japan lose de war, de KMT den CCP continue deir civil war. By 1949, de Communists win den establish de People's Republic of China (PRC), wey make de Nationalist government escape go Taiwan. Since den, both PRC den ROC (Taiwan) dey claim say dem be de real China.

For de early years, de PRC try implement communist policies, but e no work well. De Great Leap Forward cause de Great Chinese Famine, wey millions die, den de Cultural Revolution bring social chaos den persecution under Mao Zedong. After de Sino-Soviet split, China start to fix ein relations with de US, especially after de Shanghai Communiqué for 1972. By 1978, economic reforms shift de country from strict socialism go market economy, wey cause massive economic growth. But for 1989, de Tiananmen Square protests den de crackdown halt political liberalization.

Today, China be unitary one-party socialist republic wey de CCP dey control. E be one of de five permanent members of de UN Security Council, den for 1971, de UN switch de China seat from ROC (Taiwan) go PRC. China be founding member of groups like AIIB, Silk Road Fund, New Development Bank, den RCEP. E be also member of BRICS, G20, APEC, SCO, den East Asia Summit. De Chinese economy be de world ein biggest by PPP-adjusted GDP, second-biggest by nominal GDP, den second-wealthiest country. But e dey rank low for democracy, human rights, den religious freedom. China be de fastest-growing major economy, de world ein biggest manufacturer den exporter, den de second-biggest importer. E be nuclear power with de biggest standing army den second-largest defense budget. People dey see China as emerging superpower. E be known for ein rich culture, food, den ein 59 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, wey be de second-highest for any country.

After a decades-long infrastructural boom,^[1] China produce chaw world-leading infrastructural projects: e get de largest high-speed rail network,^[2] de most supertall skyscrapers,^[3] de largest power plant (de Three Gorges Dam),^[4] de most extensive ultra-high-voltage transmission network den innovation infrastructure,^[5][6] den a global satellite navigation system plus de largest number of satellites.^[7]

Urbanization

1. ^ Population of Hong Kong as of 2018 estimate^[9]
2. ^ De data of Chongqing insyd de list be de data of "Metropolitan Developed Economic Area", wich dey contain two parts: "City Proper" den "Metropolitan Area". De "City proper" dey consist of 9 districts: Yuzhong, Dadukou, Jiangbei, Shapingba, Jiulongpo, Nan'an, Beibei, Yubei, & Banan, get de urban population of 5,646,300 as of 2018. Den de "Metropolitan Area" dey consist of 12 districts: Fuling, Changshou, Jiangjin, Hechuan, Yongchuan, Nanchuan, Qijiang, Dazu, Bishan, Tongliang, Tongnan, & Rongchang, get de urban population of 5,841,700. Total urban population of all 26 districts of Chongqing be up to 15,076,600.

1. ↑ Qu, Hongbin. "China's infrastructure builds foundation for growth". HSBC. Archived from the original on 28 May 2022. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
2. ↑ "China has built the world's largest bullet-train network". The Economist. 13 January 2017. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
3. ↑ "Countries or Jurisdictions Ranked by Number of 150m+ Completed Buildings". The Skyscraper Center. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
4. ↑ "Three Gorges Dam: The World's Largest Hydroelectric Plant". United States Geological Survey. 30 August 2018. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
5. ↑ Vara, Vasanthi (November 18, 2022). "Who are the leading innovators in HVDC transmission systems for the power industry?". Power Technology. Retrieved January 3, 2025.
6. ↑ You, Xiaoying (November 15, 2024). "'A bullet train for power': China's ultra-high-voltage electricity grid". BBC Future. Retrieved January 3, 2025.
7. ↑ Gao, Ryan Woo (12 June 2020). "China set to complete Beidou network rivalling GPS in global navigation". Reuters. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
8. ↑ Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China(MOHURD) (2021). 中国城市建设统计年鉴2020 [China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2018] (in Chinese). Beijing: China Statistic Publishing House.
9. ↑ August 2018 (PDF). Hong Kong Monthly Digest of Statistics (Report). Census and Statistics Department. August 2018. p. 4.

• The Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (insyd English)

• China at a Glance from People's Daily
• Country profile – China at BBC News
• China. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
• China, People's Republic of (archived 2012) from UCB Libraries GovPubs

• Google Maps—China
• Geographic data related to China at OpenStreetMap